The transportation modes for import trade from China mainly include the following:
1. Railway transportation: China Europe regular train and China Laos railway are important railway transportation channels. The China Europe freight train will operate 17000 trains and send 1.9 million TEUs of goods in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 6% and 18% respectively. The China Laos Railway has also significantly improved the logistics efficiency between China and Southeast Asia, especially in the import of fruit and other products.
2. Road transportation: The import and export trade volume of land ports such as Friendship Pass increased by 15.6%, demonstrating the important role of road transportation in border trade.
3. Waterway transportation: The waterway routes between China and ASEAN countries are becoming increasingly dense, and the number of routes from Beibu Gulf Port to ASEAN countries has increased to 35. The trade volume between Beibu Gulf Port and ASEAN has increased by 12.8%.
4. Civil aviation transportation: Although it accounts for a relatively small proportion in cargo transportation, civil aviation transportation plays a role in the transportation of certain high-value or urgently needed goods.
5. Pipeline transportation: For specific commodities such as crude oil, pipeline transportation is an important way, especially for importing crude oil from regions such as China, Russia, China Kazakhstan, and China Myanmar.
6. Maritime transportation: More than 80% of China's crude oil transportation mainly comes from the sea, and imported crude oil mainly comes from the Middle East, Africa, and South America, relying on large cruise ships for maritime transportation.
These transportation modes together form a diversified logistics network for China's import trade, ensuring efficient and convenient trade.
Which transportation method is more cost-effective for importing trade from China
The transportation modes for import trade from China mainly include sea freight, air freight, railway transportation, and road transportation. Based on the search results, we can compare the costs of these transportation methods:
1. Sea freight: Sea freight is the cheapest mode of transportation, but it has a longer lead time, taking about 30 days to reach basic ports in Europe, and may take even longer to reach off port destinations. Sea freight is suitable for bulk goods and goods with low time requirements.
2. Air freight: Air freight is the fastest mode of transportation with a short delivery time. It can be flown to European basic ports on the same day and arrive on the same day, while it takes 2-3 days for trucks to transfer to other ports. Air freight prices are approximately 4-5 times higher than railway transportation, making it suitable for goods with high timeliness requirements, such as high-value or urgently needed goods.
3. Railway transportation: Railway transportation is a medium speed and medium price mode of transportation. In recent years, with the promotion of the "the Belt and Road" initiative, railway transportation has received strong support from the state. Railway transportation prices are relatively higher than sea transportation, but cheaper than air transportation, and less affected by weather, with a higher on-time rate.
4. Road transportation: Road transportation has high flexibility and is suitable for short distance and border trade, but its cost and efficiency may not be as good as railway and sea transportation.
Taking into account both cost and timeliness, sea freight is usually the most cost-effective option, especially for bulk goods and goods that do not require high timeliness. However, for high-value or urgently needed goods that require fast transportation, air freight may be necessary, despite the higher cost. Railway transportation provides a compromise option, suitable for situations where there are certain requirements for timeliness but limited budget. The final choice of transportation method depends on the specific characteristics of the goods, transportation needs, and cost budget.
What documents are required for importing trade from China
Importing trade from China usually requires the following documents:
1. Commercial Invoice: Issued by the exporter, providing detailed description, quantity, unit price, total price, and other information of the goods.
2. Packing List: issued by the exporter, providing information on the packaging of the goods, including packaging materials, methods, quantities, etc.
3. Bill of Lading: Issued by the shipping company, it certifies that the goods have been loaded onto the ship and transported to the importing country.
4. Sales Contract: A contract signed by both the buyer and seller, which includes information such as the specifications, quantity, unit price, and delivery time of the goods.
5. Quality Certificate: Issued by the exporter, it certifies that the quality and specifications of the goods meet the requirements.
6. Certificate of Origin: Issued by the exporter, it certifies the origin of the goods.
7. Sanitary Certificate: certifies that the goods meet the sanitary standards of the importing country.
8. Phytosanitary Certificate: Applicable to plants and plant products, it proves that the goods meet the phytosanitary requirements of the importing country.
9. Import License: According to the "Measures for the Administration of Import Licenses for Goods", for goods that are restricted from import, an import license needs to be applied for from the Ministry of Commerce or its authorized agency.
10. Business License of Enterprise Legal Person: Provide the legal operation certificate of the enterprise.
11. Registration Form for Foreign Trade Operators or Import and Export Enterprise Qualification Certificate: It proves that the enterprise is qualified to conduct import and export business.
12. Authorization and Entrustment Agreement for Customs Clearance Agency: If the customs clearance is carried out by an agency company, it is necessary to provide it.
13. Other documents that should be submitted according to relevant regulations: may include specific certification documents for specific goods, such as model approval certificates for wireless equipment, import inspection reports for old ships, etc.
These documents are usually required for import customs clearance, and the specific documents required may vary depending on the type of goods, the laws and regulations of the importing country, and the specific trade situation.
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